Nancy
Only 10% of the causes of hair loss in people of different sex and age are due to exposure to adverse factors. These include unskilled hairdressing services, a scalp burn in a domestic setting. In 90% of the underlying causes of baldness are associated with the presence of the disease.
Seborrheic dermatitis
Represents inflammation in areas of the largest accumulation of sebaceous glands. The skin of the head is a favorite localization of pathology. Inflammation proceeds chronically, with periods of seasonal exacerbation.
The reason for the development of the disease:
Hormonal imbalance
Stay in a stressful environment
Lack of sleep, neurological disorders
Hereditary predisposition
Eating problems
Excessive sweating
Hygiene errors
Predisposing factors are the presence of chronic disease. With the above phenomena, the body can not cope with the suppression of the growth of microspore fungi. Their number rises to 90% (in a healthy person – 30%).
The disease is manifested by profuse hair loss, the scalp is inflamed and contains a large amount of dandruff. The desire to stop itching leads to scratching, secondary infection of the inflamed cover. The neglected form of seborrheic dermatitis is complicated by the formation of boils, the development of focal alopecia.
Psoriasis
The disease is manifested by the formation of limited spots, on the surface of which many crusts appear. It has a chronic form, with periods of exacerbation and remission.
Reasons for development:
Following an incorrect diet, vitamin deficiency, poor-quality nutrition
Nervous exhaustion, stress transfer
Physical activity without the possibility of a good rest
Hormonal disorders
The difference between psoriasis and other diseases – with timely treatment, total baldness does not occur, only the number of hair loss increases. This is explained by the difficult psychological transfer of pathology, discomfort from aesthetic problems. But if psoriasis passes to the follicles, hair loss is possible (with a prolonged course and the absence of adequate treatment).
Trichophytosis, microsporidia, favus
It is a fungal lesion of the scalp, developing against a background of reduced immunity.
Reasons for the appearance:
Sluggish diseases characteristic of the patient’s body
Poor nutrition
Hypovitaminosis
Decreased skin protective ability
Recent infection
Scalp calculations complicated by the subsequent entry of fungal microorganisms into the created injuries
Initially, limited red or beige spots appear, on the surface of which depressed crusts form. An extremely unpleasant mouse smell emanates from neoplasms. Hair falls out with the root – the rod does not break off. At the same time, intense peeling of the skin is observed.
Alopecia areata
Alopecia areata is the appearance on the scalp of limited areas of baldness – smooth and smooth, resembling skin after shaving. They have a round or oval shape. The foci of missing hair can merge, forming a large bald spot.
The reasons for the development are a hereditary predisposition, stress, the presence in the body of infectious diseases (especially fungal origin).
Scalp injuries
An important factor predisposing to severe hair loss is damage to the scalp: burns, cuts. In place of scars, hair follicles do not appear. If there are no scars and hair growth is not observed, the blood supply to the tissues is impaired, which leads to baldness.
Hormonal imbalance in boys and girls
A change in the hormonal background occurs during puberty – at this time female sex hormones and vice versa may dominate in the body of men. These are unusual, pathological phenomena, which, first of all, are reflected in the condition of hair follicles and skin.
The following symptoms indicate problems with the hormonal background:
Neurological disorders – irritability, insomnia, mood swings
Jumps in blood pressure
Weight gain
Decreased libido
fatigue, dizziness
In addition to puberty, boys and girls have hormonal problems against the background of a lack of a healthy lifestyle, starvation, and the presence of latent inflammation due to stress. Stabilization of hormonal balance contributes to the normalization of nutrition, the absence of nervous tension, proper rest, timely elimination of inflammation.
Androgenetic alopecia
Androgenetic alopecia affects the hairline of men. The disease is difficult to treat. A genetic predisposition leads to the death of hair follicles. The conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone causes spasms of the blood vessels that feed the hair follicles. Baldness begins with the formation of small foci, then the spectrum expands.
Anemia
Iron deficiency anemia occurs more often in women. The condition is promoted by monthly blood loss, which involves a decrease in the level of iron in the body.
Anemia occurs only if the withdrawn volume of nutrients is not replenished through high-quality nutrition. Then the body draws stocks of nutrients from the hair rods, nail plates, tissues. First of all, attention is drawn to the change in the shade of the strands – they become dull, lifeless. Then there is a weakening of the follicles and a gradual hair loss.
Signs of Anemia:
Dizziness, pallor of the skin
Painful erosion appears in the corners of the lips
There is a desire to use chalk, the smells of nail polish, gasoline seem attractive
Immunity weakens, insignificant physical activity is accompanied by a continuous desire to relax
Nails crumble, recover for a long time
In both sexes, anemia develops due to the problem state of the digestive system, starvation. In women, pregnancy leads to anemia and alopecia.
After diagnosis and confirmation of the condition (blood test for hemoglobin, hematocrit), treatment and complete restoration of the previous density takes up to 2 years.
Deficiency of vitamins and minerals
In addition to the full blood supply, hair follicles should receive beneficial substances. If a person is starving, observes exhausting diets, is exhausted, is in a state of postoperative recovery, has suffered an infection – baldness – one of the typical manifestations of hypovitaminosis.
What to do if hair falls out badly?
With intense hair loss, you should first contact your therapist. If he considers it appropriate to refer the patient to narrow-profile doctors, then a dermatologist, trichologist, endocrinologist, gynecologist, andrologist conducts the diagnosis and subsequent treatment.
The following types of tests will be required:
Biochemical, clinical blood test. They will determine blood coagulability, hematocrit, liver tests; hemoglobin, sugar, urea
Blood test for electrolytes and hormonal panel
Spectral analysis of hair
Dermatoscopy
Ultrasound – depending on the organ, the function and condition of which is considered violated
The listed methods are recognized as the most informative – thanks to their results, it is possible to determine the cause of increased hair loss in a short time.
